PeerRxiv Official Citable Open Peer-Review Dossier · ISSN 0000-0000
DOI: 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.v1 · STATUS: Reviewed by 4 Reviewers (0 Accept · 4 Major Revision) · ROUND: 1 · BAYESIAN QUALITY SCORE: 3.27/5.00 (Wilson 95% LB: 0)

Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductivity Claimed in Copper-Substituted Apatite Powders

Public Co-Authors & Pooled Credit Contributors:
Prof. Bram van der Berg (Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), ORCID: 0000-0002-7741-0923, +2 Cr) • Dr. Lotte Visser (Leiden University, ORCID: 0000-0003-5518-2201, +2 Cr)

1. Abstract

We report apparent drops in electrical resistivity and diamagnetic susceptibility transitions at 315 K in solid-state-synthesized Pb9Cu(PO4)6O polycrystals containing trace Cu2S impurity phases. Four-probe transport measurements on pressed pellets suggest a sharp transition near 312 K.

2. Side-by-Side Manuscript Evolution: Before (v1) vs. After (Pending)

BEFORE MANUSCRIPT (v1 · 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.v1)

1. Four-Probe Resistivity Drop at 312 K (v1 Before)

Pressed polycrystalline pellets exhibit an abrupt drop in apparent voltage drop at 312 K under 1 mA excitation current.

2. Magnetization Curves (v1 Before)

Zero-field-cooled (ZFC) susceptibility shows a negative signal at 10 Oe, without flux-pinning or specific heat capacity confirmation.

AFTER MANUSCRIPT (Awaiting Author Revision)

Pending author upload of revised After Manuscript.

4. Permanently Published Signed Peer Reviews (4 Reports · Zero Handling Editor)

Prof. Kenji Takahashi (University of Tokyo) · ORCID: 0000-0001-6642-3190 · [ORIGINAL REVIEWER · Round 1 on v1]
Verdict: MAJOR_REVISION (FATAL/MAJOR FLAW) · Review DOI: 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.r1 · Scores: M=2/5, S=2/5, R=4/5, L=3/5, C=4/5

Public Evaluation: The sharp resistivity drop at 312 K coincides with the known first-order structural phase transition of Cu2S (chalcocite) from monoclinic to hexagonal at 310–315 K, not bulk superconductivity.

Technical Critique / Verification Checklist: Major revision required: either synthesize phase-pure single crystals free of Cu2S and demonstrate zero resistance below 1e-9 Ohm-cm, or revise the manuscript claims to characterize the Cu2S phase transition.

Prof. Elena Rostova (ETH Zürich) · ORCID: 0000-0001-9921-4402 · [ORIGINAL REVIEWER · Round 1 on v1]
Verdict: MAJOR_REVISION (FATAL/MAJOR FLAW) · Review DOI: 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.r2 · Scores: M=2/5, S=2/5, R=4/5, L=4/5, C=4/5

Public Evaluation: Powder XRD patterns in Figure 2 show 8 wt% Cu2S secondary phase peaks. Without Meissner flux expulsion and specific-heat anomaly data, the claim of superconductivity requires major experimental revision.

Technical Critique / Verification Checklist: Requires Rietveld refinement after chemical etching of Cu2S impurities and AC susceptibility harmonic measurements in the next version.

Dr. Marcus Vance (Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)) · ORCID: 0000-0003-1182-7741 · [ORIGINAL REVIEWER · Round 1 on v1]
Verdict: MAJOR_REVISION (FATAL/MAJOR FLAW) · Review DOI: 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.r3 · Scores: M=2/5, S=3/5, R=5/5, L=3/5, C=4/5

Public Evaluation: While the authors uploaded their raw lock-in amplifier traces to Zenodo, re-plotting the V-I curve on a log-log scale shows ohmic contact resistance rather than a superconducting critical current.

Technical Critique / Verification Checklist: Major revision requested: either reframe the manuscript as a quantitative study of Cu2S percolative metal-insulator transitions or provide genuine Meissner effect evidence.

Dr. Mei-Ling Zhou (National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba) · ORCID: 0000-0002-5501-8832 · [ORIGINAL REVIEWER · Round 1 on v1]
Verdict: MAJOR_REVISION (FATAL/MAJOR FLAW) · Review DOI: 10.5555/peerrxiv.2026.00425.r4 · Scores: M=2/5, S=2/5, R=4/5, L=3/5, C=3/5

Public Evaluation: Independent thermodynamic and transport analysis confirms that the 312 K transition is caused by the Cu2S impurity phase transition.

Technical Critique / Verification Checklist: Major revision required on v1. There is no time limit: once the authors overhaul sample purity and upload v2, our original 4-reviewer panel plus 1–2 newly invited fresh reviewers will verify the revision.

5. Cryptographic SHA-256 Quorum Decision Certificate (qr-v2.1)

Status: MAJOR_REVISION_REQUIRED · Gate A (Zero Fatal Flaws): BLOCKED · Round 1 Endorsements: 0/4
SHA-256 Decision Digest:
d8027b7ca464eb9118dd632f7cc6cbe9a66a3ee050ef026c528dc5d699e21bc3